Introduction: In today's complex and fast-paced world, traditional educational methods are slow and there is a need to use new technologies in education. Also, the spread of the corona virus helped to make education compulsory in cyberspace. The purpose of the current research was to validate the model of professional competencies of online education teachers of the first secondary school. Method: The research method was a descriptive survey type. The statistical population included all teachers of the first secondary school in Golestan province, whose number was about 750 people. The sample was estimated to be 148 people based on Regasi and Morgan's table, who were selected by cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was prepared based on the results of the qualitative phase. The data was analyzed using smart PLS software and structural equation modeling method. Findings: According to the findings of the research, 89 concepts, 18 subcategories and 7 main categories were confirmed, and the main categories include technical skills, virtual classroom management, virtual education ethics, general skills, teaching and learning activities, the cognitive skills and character of the teacher were valid. Conclusion: Therefore, these qualifications should be considered in the selection of teachers and efforts should be made to ensure that the teachers who are teaching have these qualifications.

Given the current situation in the world, affected by COVID‑ 19 pandemic, the only solution for educa-tional program in all countries, especially high-risk ar-eas, is virtual education. . . .

Introduction: Library is one of the essential elements of universities which provide some important educational needs of students. Virtual education cannot be exempted and virtual libraries are important support for virtual training programs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the viewpoint of administrators and students in virtual education centers about the virtual library, its role and resources.Methods: This study was a descriptive survey. The research instrument was a researcher made questionnaire that its validity and reliability was confirmed. The study population consisted of 19 virtual training centers in Tehran city. Out of 19 centers, simple randomized sampling was done in five Centers. The sample size was 360 students. Data collection was conducted online and descriptive statistics using SPSS 18 and Excel software were used.Results: The results showed that viewpoints of administrators and students about the mission and services of virtual libraries in some cases were similar and in some cases were different. One of the administrators’ reasons for setting up a virtual learning system was lifelong learning, and lack of knowledge about virtual libraries was the reason for inadequate use of virtual libraries. The best format of virtual library from the administrators’ and students’ viewpoint, was portal document format (PDF).Conclusion: One of the most important function of a virtual library, is lifelong learning and empowering users to provide information and educational needs. The main reason for not setting up a virtual library is t lack of knowledge about it.

Background: Ethics in virtual education is a preventive measure for unethical deeds in the environment of virtual education. Specification and compilation of ethical responsibilities of organizations dealing with virtual education with respect to their own rights in particular and others rights in general is really needed in the widespread and free domain of electronic communications.Methods: This article defines the precise meaning of ethics while analyzing it in the cognitive psychology and virtual education, and comprehensively distinguishing the boundaries between internal and external environments of organization with an approach to ideals, values and commitment of the organization for conceptualizing virtual education ethics.To define comprehensive ethical codes in the ethics of virtual education and stating accountability of organization for unethical behaviors, calls for such a conceptualization. The codification of ethical affairs would be useless without such a conceptualization. Therefore, virtual education ethics are defined through ethical responsibilities of an organization with respect to its internal (environment managers, advisors, professors, staff, etc) and external environment (publishers, decision-makers, authorities, government, etc) and behavioral communicative models based on respect to others rights. Conclusion: This article strives to elaborate the above points while putting the emphasis on the necessity of conceptualization.

Rapid and continuous changes in the surrounding environment are one of the inevitable features of the current world, which overshadows various aspects of human life. It is obvious that the educational system, as one of the most important institutions in the modern world, is not immune from facing these changes; Therefore, it is necessary for educational leaders to identify the changes and transformations of their interactive environment that affect its performance and functions, and to adopt wise measures in relation to formulating appropriate and appropriate approaches to these developments. In this regard, one of the most important developments in recent years is the expansion and penetration of new information and communication technologies into the field of education, research and learning.Digital technologies appear in various forms and capabilities, and the newest form of it in the current period is Metaverse technology. It is predicted that the ability of metaverse will gradually enter into different aspects of human life and provide a new style of life; Therefore, educational managers cannot be indifferent to this new generation of technology and do not acquire the necessary knowledge and knowledge in this field and transfer it to the body of the educational system; Therefore, based on this necessity, the present research tried to find important concepts related to the foundations, necessity, requirements and consequences of education with an analytical-descriptive approach and by using the philosophical research method by using library study. to discuss and examine virtual services in the platform of Metaverse.

Information grows very fast and transmission of data from one person to another may not be the most efficient way of learning.Virtual education follows this goal as a relatively new and efficient approach.Although, this kind of education, including using computers and internet has prepared golden opportunities for students; problems and barriers exist.Reviewing the benefits and limitations of this method is the aim of present paper. First, introduction, definition, virtual education features and a short history of virtual education are given. Then, their benefits and limitations are considered from different aspects such as economic, time, culture and education. Finally, the changes in role and position of teachers in virtual education are reviewed and also their benefits and limitations are discussed.